MAJOR GENERAL JOHN R. ALISON - RIP
Major General John R. Alison, a highly decorated World War II combat
ace, Korean War veteran, and lifetime airpower advocate, died Monday
at his home in Washington, D.C. He was 98. "General Alison was a
superb airman and an Air Force legend," said Air Force Secretary
Michael Donley. "The incredible life he led remains a source of
tremendous inspiration, and we are grateful for his enduring legacy
of leadership, service, and patriotism."
A native of Micanopy, Florida, Alison entered the Army Air Corps
after graduating from the University of Florida in 1936 with a BS
degree in Industrial Engineering. He trained as a flying cadet from 8
July 1936 to 30 June 1947, and was commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant in
the Air Corps on 1 July 1937 and was rated a pilot on 9 June 1937 at
Randolph Field near San Antonio, Texas.
Promoted to 1st Lieutenant in September 1940, he was promoted to
Captain in October 1941. He joined the 16th Fighter Squadron. 51st
Fighter Group in Kunming, China in June 1942 and transferred to the
75th Fighter Squadron based at Hengyang, China on 4 July 1942. The
75th, part of the 23d Fighter Group, was the unit formed from former
"Flying Tiger" personnel. While flying a P-40E, he shot down two
Japanese "Sallys" (Mitsubishi Ki-21, Army Type 97 Heavy Bombers) and
damaged a third on 30 July 1942. On 5 July 1942, he shot down a "Kate
61" (Mitsubishi B5M1, Navy Type 97-2 Carrier Attack Bomber). Alison
served as the commanding officer of the 75th Fighter Squadron from 1
December 1942 to about May 1943.
While piloting a P-40K-5-CU in April 1943, he shot down a "Zeke"
(Mitsubishi A6M, Navy Type 0 Carrier Fighter) and damaged a second.
On 8 May, he shot down a Japanese Army fighter and then got another
"Zeke" on 15 May.
Alison returned to the U.S. on 1 August 1943 and was assigned to the
367th Fighter Group at Hamilton Field, San Rafael, California. In
1944, he returned to the CBI Theater as Commanding Officer the 1st
Air Commando Force supporting General Orde Wingate's troops in Burma.
Alison went off active duty in 1947 as a Colonel. He returned to
service during the Korean War and then served in the Air Force
Reserve and was Commanding Officer of the Reserve's 452d Bombardment
Wing, Tactical based at Long Beach Municipal Airport, California from
15 May 1955 to 30 September 1959. He was promoted to Brigadier
General in August 1957 and Major General in August 1959.
Alison was inducted into the Air Commando Hall of Fame, National
Aviation Hall of Fame, and last year became the first inductee into
US Special Operations Command's Commando Hall of Honor
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FEMME FATALE
RAY CHARLES: LOOKING BACK
As his 80th birthday approaches, a look at the life and legacy of the late Ray Charles.
"I just do what I do." That's what Ray Charles told Billboard in June 2002 when asked to assess his role in music history. Of course, Charles' self-effacing response belies a groundbreaking career and a legacy that endures today, as fans look toward celebrating what would have been the legendary artist's 80th birthday Sept. 23. Looking back at Charles' storied career, what comes to mind is the phrase "musical genius." In Charles' case, that's no hype.
Rare & Unseen Ray Charles Photos | Charles on the Charts
80th Birthday Year Events | Charles Charity
In 1954, the artist's melding of gospel and blues yielded the pioneering hit "I've Got a Woman"-and forged an indelible imprint on R&B, rock and pop. His earthy, soulful voice graced a steady stream of classics after "Woman," including "Drown in My Own Tears," "What'd I Say," "Hit the Road Jack," "Unchain My Heart," "I Can't Stop Loving You" and "Georgia on My Mind."
Video below: Ray Charles performs "Hit The Road Jack" in São Paulo, Brazil on September 22, 1963.
Video below: Ray Charles performs "Then I'll Be Home" in Montreux, Switzerland on July 19, 1997.
Just as at home on the Hammond B-3 organ as he was on the piano, he also landed at the top of Billboard's R&B, pop, country and jazz charts-and even the dance chart, collaborating with childhood friend Quincy Jones and Chaka Khan on "I'll Be Good to You."
His final recording, 2004's "Genius Loves Company," made history when it won eight Grammy Awards, including album and record of the year for his pairing with Norah Jones on "Here We Go Again."
But what many may not know is that the inimitable Charles was also a genius when it came to the business side of music. In the early '60s he negotiated a rare feat after leaving Atlantic Records to sign with ABC-Paramount: ownership of his own master recordings. He also established his own labels. Tangerine (his favorite fruit) came first, which later evolved into CrossOver Records.
A songwriter who penned nearly 200 songs, Charles also operated his own publishing companies, Tangerine Music and Racer Music. For these entities, Charles and longtime manager Joe Adams designed and built the RPM International office and studios on Washington Boulevard in Los Angeles. The Ray Charles Memorial Library will open in the building this fall.
Charles also found time to manage the careers of other acts, including Billy Preston and '70s R&B group the Friends of Distinction. And way before it was de rigueur for artists to do, Charles set up what became a foundation to help needy children with hearing disabilities and later on support education.
"He really was a genius," says singer Solomon Burke, a former Atlantic labelmate. "He did things the way he wanted."
Charles was born Ray Charles Robinson Sept. 23, 1930, in Albany, Ga. As many learned through actor Jamie Foxx's Academy Award-winning portrayal in the 2004 film "Ray," Charles became blind by age 7 and orphaned at 15 while growing up in northwest Florida.
In eight years at a state school for the blind, the young Charles learned how to read and write music. Leaving Florida in 1947, he headed for Seattle ("Choosing the farthest place he could find from Florida," Jones says), where he notched his first hit two years later as a member of the Maxin Trio, "Confession Blues."
Even then, Charles was an enterprising individual. "He had his own apartment, record player, two pairs of pimp shoes, and here I am still living at home," Jones recalls with a laugh. "His mother trained him not to be blind: no cane, no dogs, no cup. His scuffed-up shoes... that was his guide and driving force. He was the most independent dude I ever saw in my life. Ray would get blind only when pretty girls came around."
Signing with Atlantic Records in 1952, Charles as a West Coast jazz and blues man recorded such songs as "It Should've Been Me" and label co-founder Ahmet Ertegun's composition, "Mess Around."
Then he connected in 1954 with "I've Got a Woman," which set off a chain reaction of more hits capitalizing on his bold gospel/blues fusion. But Charles was just getting started. In 1958, he performed at the Newport Jazz Festival, accompanied by a band that featured such jazz cats as saxophonists David "Fathead" Newman and Hank Crawford. Further bucking convention, he recorded "The Genius of Ray Charles," a 1959 release offering standards on one side (including "Come Rain or Come Shine") and big band numbers on the other, featuring members of Count Basie's orchestra and several arrangements by Jones.
Video below: Charles' 1966 Coke commercial, "So Tired."
Leaving Atlantic for ABC-Paramount, a fearless Charles recorded the seminal "Genius + Soul = Jazz" album in 1961. A year later, his earlier dabbling in country music grew serious with the release of the million-selling "Modern Sounds in Country and Western Music."
Complemented by lush strings and a harmony-rich choir, he scored with covers of Don Gibson's "I Can't Stop Loving You" and Ted Daffan's "Born to Lose"-and spent 14 weeks at No. 1 on the Billboard 200.
Gumina was operating his own promotion company working with state lotteries when he met Charles in 1999. The two teamed up on a series of commercials for various state lotteries and also introduced a line of Ray Charles slot machines also accessible to the blind.
"Everything he did had a business acumen to it," says Gumina, who cites Charles' liaison with manager Adams as a pivotal turning point. Originally hired to be Charles' stage announcer, former radio DJ Adams segued into overseeing production of the singer's shows, lighting and wardrobe.
Together the pair designed and built Charles' L.A. business base, RPM International (Recording, Publishing and Management) studio. When he began recording there in 1965, the label rented the studio from him, so he made money on his recordings before they were even released.
To save money on travel expenses, Charles purchased an airplane to ferry his band around to gigs. A smaller plane was also acquired so that Charles could wing in to, say, New York to record a couple of songs before flying back out in time for a show.
"He understood the entertainment business enough to know that you may not be popular forever," Gumina says, "and you need to maximize your product. At the same time, he had as much fun as any rock star but without the sad money stories. There was a time to work and a time to play, and he knew the difference. He didn't have a bunch of homes or a large entourage. That's why he was able to save $50 million before he died."
Calling Charles an "incredibly smart man," Concord president John Burk says he learned a lot from the ailing singer while he was recording his final studio album, "Genius Loves Company."
Video below: Ray Charles performs "It Ain't Easy Being Green" in Trentnton, NJ on Nov. 7, 2002.
Going through "some sticky deal points, he was amazing," Burk recalls. "He had the whole agreement in his head. Without referencing any material, he knew all the terms we proposed and had the deal done for the album in two discussions."
Creatively, Burk says Charles was an artist dedicated to delivering "a true performance from the heart. Part of his creative legacy was his approach to singing. He opened the door to vocal improvisations, changing how people perceived you could sing a song. Many singers today are influenced by him and they don't even know it."
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